南風原＠東大教育心理です。
石田さん＠東北大から，
> Tomokazu 氏は
> 「[fpr 102] 59th JPA WS」において曰く：
> > ４）論文採択の条件としての「有意性」
> > APA Publication Manual における検定結果の記述法の詳細な解説
> > Skinner や Luce の抵抗 新ジャーナルの創刊
>
> ということですが，この「Skinner や Luce の抵抗」と「新ジャーナルの創
> 刊」いうものは具体的にどういうものだったのか，ということに多少興味を
> 持ちましたので，かいつまんで解説していただければ，と思います．
というお尋ねがありました。
「Skinner や Luce の抵抗」「新ジャーナルの創刊」という部分で私が直接依
拠したのは，
Gigerenzer, G. 1993 The superego, the ego, and the id in statistical
reasoning. In G. Keren & C. Lewis (Eds.), A handbook for data
analysis in the behavioral sciences: Methodological Issues.
Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Pp.311-339.
の pp.313-314 にある下記の文章です。少し長くなりますが，そのまま掲載します。
... Skinner (1972) disliked the intimate link Fisher established
between statistics and the design of experiments: "What the statisti-
cian means by the design of experiments is design which yields the
kind of data to which his techniques are applicable" (p.112). And,
"They have taught statistics in lieu of scientific method" (p.319).
Skinner continued to investigate one or a few pigeons under well-
controlled conditions, rather than run 20 or more pigeons under
necessarily less well-controlled conditions to obtain a precise
estimate for the error variance. In fact, the Skinnerians were forced
to found a new journal, the Journal of the Experimental Analysis of
Behavior, in order to publish their kind of experiments (Skinner, 1984,
p.138). Their focus was on experimental control, that is, on mini-
mizing error beforehand, rather than on large samples, that is, on
measuring error after the fact.
This is not an isolated case, nor one peculiar to behaviorists.
The Journal of Mathematical Psychology is another. One of the reasons
for launching this new journal was again to escape the editors'
pressure to perform institutionalized null hypothesis testing. One of
its founders, Luce (1988), called the institutionalized practice a
"wrongheaded view about what constituted scientific progress" and
"mindless hypothesis testing in lieu of doing good research: measuring
effects, constructing substantive theories of some depth, and
developing probability models and statistical procedures suited to
these theories" (p.582).
ご要望の「かいつまんだ解説」には全然なっていませんが・・・。
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南風原朝和 (はえばら ともかず)
tomokazu (at) tansei.cc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
〒113 文京区本郷7-3-1 東京大学教育学部
TEL: 03-5802-3350 FAX 03-3813-8807
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